Language

Blends and Digraphs

The Spark

Concept

A blend is two consonants side by side where both sounds are heard (bl, cr, st). A digraph is two letters that make one new sound (sh = /sh/, ch = /ch/, th = /th/). Mastering these unlocks hundreds of new words for reading and writing.

Activity

Ask your child: 'Can you read the word SHOP? Let's try: sh makes /sh/, then o, then p — shop!' Say these mouth-feel comparisons: 's' alone versus 'sh' together — notice how the mouth changes?

Check

Write 5 words using blends and digraphs (e.g. ship, clap, this, stop, chop). Can your child decode them independently by blending each phoneme?

1

What Sound Does It Start With? (Set A)

Say each word. Circle the beginning sound.

ship

sh
ch
th

chin

sh
ch
th

thin

sh
ch
th
TipA digraph is two letters making one new sound: sh, ch, th.
2

What Sound Does It Start With? (Set B)

Circle the digraph at the beginning of each word.

shed

sh
ch
th

chop

sh
ch
th

three

sh
ch
th

shop

sh
ch
th
3

Match Digraphs to Words (Set A)

Draw a line from each digraph to a word that starts with it.

sh
ch
th
chin
ship
this
TipSay the digraph sound aloud before looking at the words.
4

Sort Digraph Words (Set A)

Sort each word by its beginning digraph.

shop
chip
thin
shed
chin
three
sh- words
ch- words
th- words
5

Write Digraph Words (Set A)

Write a word that starts with each digraph.

sh- word: ______

ch- word: ______

th- word: ______

TipLet your child think of their own words. Struggling is valuable learning.
6

Complete the Word (Set A)

Circle the digraph that completes each word.

___ip (a type of boat)

sh
ch
bl

___op (to cut)

ch
th
st

___is (not that)

th
sh
cr
7

Match Digraphs to Words (Set B)

Draw a line from each digraph to a word.

sh
ch
th
that
shell
chest
8

Sound Boxes: Digraphs (Set A)

Write the sounds in each word. The digraph goes in ONE box.

[__][__][__] → ship

[__][__][__] → chop

[__][__][__] → thin

Tipsh-i-p has 3 sounds but starts with a digraph (2 letters, 1 sound).
9

Sort Digraph Words (Set B)

Sort each word by its beginning digraph.

shall
check
thick
shout
cheer
thank
sh-
ch-
th-
10

Which Word Starts With sh?

Circle the word that starts with sh.

Which starts with sh?

shop
chop
top

Which starts with sh?

chin
thin
shin

Which starts with sh?

shell
tell
bell
11

Match Words to Clues: Digraphs

Draw a line from each clue to the correct digraph word.

A place to buy things
You put food on it (not flat)
A number after two
three
shop
chip
12

Draw and Write Digraph Words

Draw a picture for each digraph word. Write the word underneath.

Draw: ship

Draw here

Draw: cheese

Draw here
13

Complete the Word (Set B)

Circle the correct digraph.

___ell (something you find at the beach)

sh
ch
th

___ick (not thin)

th
sh
ch

___air (you sit on it)

ch
sh
th

___oe (you wear it on your foot)

sh
ch
th
TipSound out each option before choosing.
14

Build Digraph Words (Set A)

Put the sounds in order to spell the word.

?
sh + o + p = ______ (where you buy things)
?
ch + i + p = ______ (a crunchy snack)
?
th + i + n = ______ (not fat)
TipSay each sound, then blend them left to right.
15

Tip: Digraphs — Two Letters, One Sound!

A digraph is when two letters team up to make ONE new sound. 'sh' makes /sh/ (like in ship). 'ch' makes /ch/ (like in chin). 'th' makes /th/ (like in this). Remember: you cannot hear the separate letters — they make a brand new sound together!

Write 3 words with sh: ______

Write 3 words with ch: ______

TipEmphasise that the two letters make a completely different sound from either letter alone.
16

Sort: Digraph at the Start or End?

Some digraphs can appear at the END of a word too! Sort each word.

shop
fish
chip
much
this
bath
Digraph at START
Digraph at END
17

Ending Digraphs (Set A)

Circle the digraph at the END of each word.

fish

sh
ch
th

much

sh
ch
th

bath

sh
ch
th

wish

sh
ch
th
18

Write Words with Ending Digraphs

Write a word that ENDS with each digraph.

Ends with -sh: ______

Ends with -ch: ______

Ends with -th: ______

19

Match Words with Same Digraph

Draw a line to match words that share the same digraph.

ship
chin
this
fish
much
bath
shop
chop
wish
that
20

Digraph Spark: Digraphs All Around!

Look around the room. Can you find or think of something that has a digraph (sh, ch, th) in its name? A shoe? A chair? Think of as many as you can!

Objects with digraphs: ___________________________

TipConnecting phonics to real objects makes the learning stick.
21

What Blend Does It Start With? (Set A)

Circle the blend at the beginning of each word.

blue

bl
cl
cr

stop

st
sp
sl

crab

cr
cl
gr
TipA blend is two consonants where you can hear BOTH sounds: bl, cr, st.
22

Sort Blend Words (Set A)

Sort each word by its beginning blend.

blue
clap
stop
crab
black
class
step
crash
bl-
cl-
st-
cr-
23

Match Blends to Words (Set A)

Draw a line from each blend to a word that starts with it.

bl
cr
st
cl
br
clap
brown
crab
blue
stop
24

Write Blend Words (Set A)

Write a word that starts with each blend.

bl- word: ______

cr- word: ______

st- word: ______

cl- word: ______

25

Complete the Word: Blends (Set A)

Circle the blend that completes each word.

___ue (a colour)

bl
cl
fl

___op (do not go)

st
sp
sl

___ab (a sea creature)

cr
gr
br

___ap (hands together)

cl
bl
fl
26

What Blend Does It Start With? (Set B)

Circle the beginning blend.

green

gr
gl
cr

frog

fl
fr
br

brave

br
bl
cr

slide

sl
st
sp
27

Sort Blend Words (Set B)

Sort words by their beginning blend.

brown
green
frog
flag
brick
grass
fresh
flat
br-
gr-
fr-
fl-
28

Match Blends to Words (Set B)

Draw a line to match each blend to a word.

br
gr
fr
fl
sp
flag
from
brown
spell
green
29

Write Blend Words (Set B)

Write a word that starts with each blend.

br- word: ______

gr- word: ______

fr- word: ______

fl- word: ______

TipIf your child is stuck, give a clue: 'What colour starts with gr?'
30

Tip: Blends vs Digraphs — What Is the Difference?

In a BLEND you can hear BOTH letters: bl = /b/ + /l/ (blue). In a DIGRAPH the two letters make one NEW sound: sh = /sh/ (not /s/ + /h/). This is an important difference! Listen carefully to tell them apart.

Is 'shop' a blend or digraph? ______

Is 'blue' a blend or digraph? ______

TipThis distinction is crucial for accurate decoding.
31

Sort: Blend or Digraph?

Sort each word: does it start with a BLEND or a DIGRAPH?

shop
blue
chip
stop
thin
crab
shed
clap
Starts with a BLEND
Starts with a DIGRAPH
TipAsk: Can I hear both letters? (blend) Or is it a new sound? (digraph)
32

Blend or Digraph?

Circle BLEND or DIGRAPH for each word.

green

Blend
Digraph

shell

Blend
Digraph

fresh

Blend
Digraph

chair

Blend
Digraph

black

Blend
Digraph
33

Sound Boxes: Blends (Set A)

Write the sounds in each word. The blend stays together in one box.

[__][__][__] → stop

[__][__][__] → clap

[__][__][__][__] → crab

34

Match Words to Clues: Blends

Draw a line from each clue to the correct blend word.

A sea creature with claws
A colour
Hands together to make noise
Do not go any further
stop
blue
crab
clap
35

Build Blend Words (Set A)

Put the sounds in order to spell the word.

?
cl + a + p = ______ (hands together)
?
st + o + p = ______ (do not go)
?
cr + a + b = ______ (a sea creature)
?
bl + a + ck = ______ (a dark colour)
36

Sort: All Blends and Digraphs (Set A)

Sort each word into the correct column.

shop
chip
thin
blue
stop
shed
chin
three
clap
crab
sh-
ch-
th-
bl/cl-
st/cr-
37

Complete the Word: Mixed (Set A)

Circle the blend or digraph that completes each word.

___ue (a colour)

bl
sh
th

___op (a place to buy things)

sh
bl
st

___ee (a number)

th
ch
cr

___ab (a sea creature)

cr
sh
ch
38

Write Sentences with Blends (Set A)

Write a sentence using each blend word.

blue: ___________________________

stop: ___________________________

TipEncourage saying the sentence aloud before writing.
39

Match All Blends and Digraphs to Words

Draw a line from each blend or digraph to a word.

sh-
ch-
th-
bl-
cr-
gr-
fr-
green
frog
three
crab
shop
chip
black
40

Blend Spark: Blend and Digraph Hunt!

Go on a hunt in a book or around your home. Find as many words as you can that start with a blend or digraph. Write them in the correct column.

Digraph words (sh, ch, th): ___________________________

Blend words (bl, cr, st, gr, etc.): ___________________________

TipReal-world word hunts connect phonics to authentic reading.
41

Real or Nonsense? Blend Words

Read each word. Circle REAL or NONSENSE.

shop

REAL
NONSENSE

blim

REAL
NONSENSE

crab

REAL
NONSENSE

thop

REAL
NONSENSE

green

REAL
NONSENSE

frib

REAL
NONSENSE
TipThis builds decoding fluency.
42

Write Sentences with Digraphs (Set A)

Write a sentence using each digraph word.

ship: ___________________________

cheese: ___________________________

43

Sort by Ending Blend or Digraph

Some words end with a blend or digraph. Sort these words.

fish
much
fast
hand
wish
such
must
sand
Ends with -sh
Ends with -ch
Ends with -st
Ends with -nd
44

What Ending Sound? (Set A)

Circle the blend or digraph at the END of each word.

fast

-st
-sh
-ch

hand

-nd
-sh
-st

fish

-sh
-ch
-st

jump

-mp
-nd
-st
45

Tip: Look for Blends and Digraphs Everywhere!

Blends and digraphs appear at the BEGINNING and END of words! 'Shop' starts with sh. 'Fish' ends with sh. When you see two consonants together, ask yourself: is it a blend (hear both) or a digraph (new sound)? This will help you read hundreds of new words!

Find the blend or digraph: splash → start: ______ end: ______

TipExplicitly teaching positional awareness (initial vs final) aids decoding.
46

Match Words with Same Beginning Sound

Draw a line to match words that start with the same blend or digraph.

shell
brown
green
stop
chin
step
check
grass
ship
brick
47

Word Families: Blends (Set A)

Write as many words as you can for each blend family.

Words starting with bl-: ___________________________

Words starting with cr-: ___________________________

Words starting with st-: ___________________________

48

Which Word Fits the Sentence? (Set A)

Circle the word with the correct blend or digraph.

The sky is ____.

blue
clue
true

I went to the ____ to buy bread.

stop
shop
chop

The ____ is in the sea.

grab
crab
blab

I ____ my hands.

slap
clap
flap
49

Grand Sort: Blends and Digraphs (Set A)

Sort all words by their beginning pattern.

shell
blue
cheese
crash
three
green
fresh
church
black
shout
Digraph (sh/ch/th)
Blend (bl/cl/cr/st/br/gr/fr)
50

Write a Blend and Digraph Story (Set A)

Write a short story using at least 4 blend or digraph words.

My story:

TipIntegrating phonics into writing cements the patterns.
51

Complete the Word: Mixed (Set B)

Circle the blend or digraph.

___een (a colour of grass)

gr
gl
cr

___og (a small jumping animal)

fr
fl
br

___ell (a sound from a bell)

sh
sp
ch

___own (a colour)

br
bl
cr

___ide (to move on ice)

sl
st
sp
52

Match Blend Words to Clues (Set A)

Draw a line from each clue to the correct word.

A colour of the sky
A sea creature
Do not go any further
Hands together for noise
A colour of grass
clap
green
stop
blue
crab
53

Change the Blend (Set A)

Change the blend or digraph to make a new word.

shop → change sh to ch → ______

blue → change bl to cl → ______

crab → change cr to gr → ______

stop → change st to cl → ______

54

Sort sp-, sn-, sw- Words

Sort each word by its beginning blend.

spin
snap
swim
spell
snake
sweet
sp-
sn-
sw-
55

Complete the Word (Set C)

Circle the correct blend.

___im (to move in water)

sw
sn
sp

___ell (to use your nose)

sm
sn
sp

___ake (a slithering reptile)

sn
sl
sp

___oon (you eat with it)

sp
sn
sw
56

Write Words for Each Blend Family

Write 2 words for each blend.

sp- words: ______ ______

sn- words: ______ ______

sw- words: ______ ______

sl- words: ______ ______

57

Match Words to Pictures: Blends (Set A)

Draw a line from each blend word to its meaning.

frog
crab
drum
flag
star
in the sky at night
you wave it
a hopping animal
you play it
lives in the sea
58

Speed Read: Blend and Digraph Words

Read each word quickly. Circle REAL or NONSENSE.

fresh

REAL
NONSENSE

crub

REAL
NONSENSE

black

REAL
NONSENSE

shep

REAL
NONSENSE

green

REAL
NONSENSE

thrip

REAL
NONSENSE
59

Write Sentences (Set B)

Write a sentence using each word.

green: ___________________________

three: ___________________________

frog: ___________________________

60

Blend and Digraph Hunt

Find blends and digraphs in everyday reading.

  • 1Read a short book and highlight every sh, ch or th you find.
  • 2Play Word Tennis: one person says a blend (sh-) and the other says a word.
  • 3Make a word wall — one strip per pattern. Add new words as you find them.
  • 4Play I Spy with blends: I spy something that starts with /st/.
61

Sort Three-Letter Blends

Some words start with THREE consonants! Sort these words.

string
spring
scream
splash
strong
spray
scratch
split
str-
spr-
scr-
spl-
TipThree-letter blends: str, spr, scr, spl.
62

Three-Letter Blends (Set A)

Circle the three-letter blend at the start of each word.

string

str
st
sr

spring

spr
sp
sr

scratch

scr
sc
sr

splash

spl
sp
sl
63

Write Three-Letter Blend Words

Write a word that starts with each three-letter blend.

str- word: ______

spr- word: ______

scr- word: ______

64

Match Three-Letter Blends to Words

Draw a line from each blend to a word.

str-
spr-
scr-
spl-
splash
scream
strong
spring
65

Which Word Fits? (Set B)

Circle the correct word.

The cat ____ water everywhere.

splashed
crashed
flashed

I can hear a bird ____.

singing
springing
stringing

The rope is very ____.

string
strong
spring
66

Blend and Digraph Word Families

Write as many words as you can for each beginning pattern.

sh- words: ___________________________

ch- words: ___________________________

th- words: ___________________________

bl- words: ___________________________

cr- words: ___________________________

67

Grand Sort: All Patterns

Sort every word by its beginning pattern type.

ship
blue
string
chin
green
splash
three
frog
scratch
Digraph
Two-letter Blend
Three-letter Blend
68

Blend and Digraph in Longer Words

Circle the blend or digraph in each longer word.

chicken: the digraph is...

ch
ck
en

brother: the blend is...

br
th
er

sticker: the blend is...

st
ck
er

shining: the digraph is...

sh
ng
in
TipThis extends phonics knowledge to multisyllabic words.
69

Write a Story Using Blends and Digraphs (Set B)

Write a story using at least 6 blend or digraph words. Underline each one.

My story:

70

Grand Match: 10 Words to Clues

Draw a line from each word to its meaning.

shop
crab
green
three
frog
black
drum
cheese
chair
splash
you sit on it
a number
a colour of grass
a hopping animal
a dark colour
where you buy things
a sea creature
you eat it on toast
water flying around
you play it with sticks
71

Which Pattern? Grand Quiz

Identify the blend or digraph.

The beginning of 'throne'

th
tr
hr

The beginning of 'cream'

cr
ch
cl

The beginning of 'shrimp'

shr
sh
sr

The end of 'bench'

-ch
-sh
-th
72

Blend Challenge: Write 20 Words

Write 20 words that start with a blend or digraph.

My 20 blend/digraph words:

73

Sort Words I Can Read vs Still Learning

Sort these blend and digraph words honestly.

ship
splash
cheese
scratch
green
through
black
string
I Can Read It!
Still Learning
74

Blend and Digraph Riddles

Solve each riddle. The answer contains a blend or digraph!

I am green and I hop. I am a ______.

I have claws and live in the sea. I am a ______.

You use me to buy things. I am a ______.

I am a number between two and four. I am ______.

75

Tip: Reading Longer Words with Blends

When you see a long word, look for the blends and digraphs first. They help you break the word into chunks. For example: 'splash' → spl-a-sh. Finding the patterns makes reading easier!

Break this word: 'shrimp' → ______

Break this word: 'string' → ______

TipThis strategy prepares children for multisyllabic word reading.
76

Which Word Completes the Sentence? (Set B)

Circle the correct blend or digraph word.

The ____ swam in the pond.

frog
flag
drag

She wore a ____ dress.

blue
clue
glue

The ____ was very cold.

snow
show
slow

He ____ down the hill.

slid
split
slit
77

Write Sentences (Set C)

Write a sentence for each word.

splash: ___________________________

strong: ___________________________

cheese: ___________________________

78

Match Beginning to Ending

Draw a line to match each beginning to the correct ending to make a real word.

sh-
ch-
bl-
cr-
str-
-ong
-ack
-oss
-eep
-eam
79

Sort: Beginning vs Ending Pattern

Does the blend or digraph appear at the start or end of the word?

ship
fish
black
bench
three
bath
green
fast
Pattern at START
Pattern at END
80

Blend Spark: Create Your Own Blend Word!

Can you invent a brand new word that starts with a blend or digraph? What would it mean? Draw it!

My made-up blend word: ______ It means: ______

Draw it:

Draw here
TipInvented words show phonics mastery — the child must apply blend/digraph knowledge creatively.
81

Dictation: Blend and Digraph Words

Your parent will say a word. Listen carefully and write it.

1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______

5. ______ 6. ______ 7. ______ 8. ______

TipSay: ship, crab, green, three, splash, black, fresh, strong.
82

Grand Blend Quiz (Set A)

Circle the correct answer.

Which starts with a digraph?

ship
slip
drip

Which starts with a blend?

chin
grin
thin

Which ends with a digraph?

fish
fist
fast

Which starts with a three-letter blend?

spring
bring
swing
83

Blend and Digraph Sentences (Set D)

Write the most interesting sentence you can using 3 blend or digraph words.

My sentence: ___________________________

My blend/digraph words were: ___________________________

84

Sort: All Patterns Grand Challenge

Sort every word by pattern type.

ship
cheese
three
blue
green
stop
string
clap
brown
swim
splash
shed
sh
ch
th
bl/cl
cr/gr/br
st/sp/sw/sl
str/spr/scr
85

Write a Paragraph Using Blends and Digraphs

Write a paragraph (3 to 4 sentences) about going to the beach. Use as many blend and digraph words as possible.

My beach paragraph:

86

Match Words with Same Ending Pattern

Draw a line to match words that end with the same blend or digraph.

fish
fast
bench
hand
jump
sand
wish
punch
last
bump
87

Grand Blend Quiz (Set B)

Answer each question.

How many sounds in 'ship'?

2
3
4

How many sounds in 'splash'?

4
5
6

Is 'th' a blend or a digraph?

Blend
Digraph

Is 'bl' a blend or a digraph?

Blend
Digraph
88

Create Your Own Word Sort

Choose 3 blends or digraphs. Write the column headings and 3 words for each column.

Column 1: ______ Words: ______, ______, ______

Column 2: ______ Words: ______, ______, ______

Column 3: ______ Words: ______, ______, ______

TipCreating a sort is harder than completing one — it requires generating examples.
89

Unscramble Blend Words

The letters are mixed up. Write them in the correct order.

?
r-c-a-b → ______ (sea creature)
?
e-r-e-h-t → ______ (a number)
?
p-o-h-s → ______ (buy things)
?
e-e-n-r-g → ______ (a colour)
?
a-l-s-p-h-s → ______ (water flying)
90

Tip: You Are a Phonics Expert!

You can now read words with digraphs (sh, ch, th), two-letter blends (bl, cr, st, gr, fr...) and even three-letter blends (str, spr, scr)! These patterns appear in thousands of English words. Keep looking for them everywhere you read!

I am proud that I can read words like: ___________________________

TipThis affirms phonics growth and encourages transfer to independent reading.
91

Blend and Digraph Challenge: 25 Words

Write 25 words that contain a blend or digraph. Use as many different patterns as you can!

My 25 words:

92

Which Pattern? Quick Fire!

Name the blend or digraph in each word — fast!

brush

br
sh
both br and sh

crunch

cr
ch
both cr and ch

shrimp

sh
shr
mp

thrash

th
sh
both th and sh
93

Sort: Words with TWO Patterns

Some words have a blend or digraph at the start AND end! Sort these.

blue
fish
crash
bench
thrash
crunch
Pattern at start only
Pattern at end only
Pattern at BOTH
94

Blend and Digraph Assessment

Read each word aloud. Write the blend or digraph you hear.

shop → beginning pattern: ______

splash → beginning pattern: ______

fish → ending pattern: ______

string → beginning pattern: ______

crunch → beginning: ______ ending: ______

95

Grand Match: Patterns to Words

Draw a line from each pattern to a word that contains it.

sh-
ch-
th-
str-
spl-
-sh
-ch
-st
fast
splash
church
string
three
wish
shell
chip
96

Write Your Best Blend and Digraph Story

Write your best story yet! Use as many blends and digraphs as you can. Underline each one.

My story:

97

Grand Blend and Digraph Quiz

Final quiz on everything you have learned!

A digraph makes...

two sounds
one new sound
no sound

A blend lets you hear...

one sound
both letter sounds
no sounds

'sh' is a...

blend
digraph
vowel

'bl' is a...

blend
digraph
vowel

'str' is a...

digraph
two-letter blend
three-letter blend
98

Blend and Digraph Champion

You are a blend and digraph champion! Keep practising.

  • 1Read a page of a book and count all the blends and digraphs you spot.
  • 2Play Blend Bingo with family members.
  • 3Write a shopping list using only blend and digraph words.
  • 4Teach someone else the difference between a blend and a digraph.
99

Blend and Digraph Self-Assessment

Rate yourself on each pattern. Write: confident, getting there, or need practice.

sh: ______ ch: ______ th: ______

bl: ______ cr: ______ st: ______

br: ______ gr: ______ fr: ______

str: ______ spr: ______ scr: ______

100

Blend Spark: What Will You Read Next?

You can now read words with blends and digraphs! That means you can read SO many more words than before. What book would you like to read next? What new words are you excited to discover?

I want to read: ___________________________

A new word I want to learn: ___________________________

TipThis forward-looking spark connects phonics mastery to the joy of reading.