Algebra

Algorithms & Number Patterns

1

Follow the Rule: Add 3

The rule is 'add 3'. Fill in the missing numbers.

2
5
11
14
?
10
13
16
22
?
4
7
10
?
?
2

Follow the Rule: Add 4

The rule is 'add 4'. Fill in the missing numbers.

1
5
13
17
?
3
7
11
19
?
6
10
14
?
?
3

Follow the Rule: Add 5

The rule is 'add 5'. Fill in the missing numbers.

5
10
20
25
?
8
13
18
?
?
12
17
22
32
?
4

Follow the Rule: Subtract 3

The rule is 'subtract 3'. Fill in the missing numbers.

30
27
21
18
?
50
47
44
38
?
22
19
16
?
?
5

Follow the Rule: Multiply by 2

The rule is 'multiply by 2'. Fill in the missing numbers.

3
6
24
48
?
5
10
20
80
?
1
2
8
?
?
6

Follow the Rule: Multiply by 3

The rule is 'multiply by 3'. Fill in the missing numbers.

2
6
54
162
?
1
3
9
81
?
12
36
108
?
?
7

Match the Rule to the Pattern (Set A)

Draw a line from each rule to the pattern it creates.

Start at 4, add 5
Start at 1, multiply by 3
Start at 100, subtract 12
Start at 2, add 7
1, 3, 9, 27, 81
4, 9, 14, 19, 24
2, 9, 16, 23, 30
100, 88, 76, 64, 52
8

Match the Rule to the Pattern (Set B)

Draw a line from each rule to the number pattern.

Start at 50, subtract 8
Start at 3, add 6
Start at 1, multiply by 2
Start at 0, add 9
1, 2, 4, 8, 16
3, 9, 15, 21, 27
50, 42, 34, 26, 18
0, 9, 18, 27, 36
9

What Comes Next? (Set A)

Look at the pattern and circle what comes next.

7, 14, 21, 28, ___

30
35
42

2, 6, 18, 54, ___

108
162
72

100, 90, 81, 73, ___

66
64
63

1, 4, 9, 16, ___

20
25
36
10

What Comes Next? (Set B)

Circle what comes next.

5, 10, 20, 40, ___

60
80
100

3, 7, 11, 15, ___

17
19
21

64, 32, 16, 8, ___

2
4
6

1, 1, 2, 3, 5, ___

7
8
10
11

What Is the Rule? (Set A)

Look at the pattern and circle the rule.

3, 6, 9, 12, 15

Add 2
Add 3
Multiply by 2

2, 4, 8, 16, 32

Add 2
Add 4
Multiply by 2

50, 45, 40, 35, 30

Subtract 5
Subtract 10
Divide by 2

1, 4, 16, 64

Add 3
Multiply by 4
Add 4
12

What Is the Rule? (Set B)

Circle the rule.

10, 17, 24, 31, 38

Add 5
Add 7
Add 8

100, 91, 82, 73, 64

Subtract 8
Subtract 9
Subtract 10

2, 6, 18, 54, 162

Multiply by 2
Multiply by 3
Add 4
13

What Is the Rule? (Set C)

Circle the rule.

5, 10, 15, 20, 25

Add 5
Add 10
Multiply by 5

1,000, 900, 800, 700

Subtract 10
Subtract 100
Divide by 2

3, 9, 27, 81, 243

Add 6
Multiply by 3
Add 3

64, 32, 16, 8, 4

Subtract 32
Divide by 2
Subtract 4
14

What Is the Rule? (Set D)

Circle the rule.

12, 24, 36, 48, 60

Add 10
Add 12
Multiply by 2

200, 180, 160, 140

Subtract 20
Subtract 10
Divide by 2

1, 5, 25, 125, 625

Multiply by 5
Add 4
Add 5

100, 50, 25

Subtract 25
Subtract 50
Divide by 2
15

Continue the Pattern (Set C)

Find the rule and continue.

7
14
21
28
?
?
?
100
92
84
76
?
?
?
4
12
36
108
?
?
16

Continue the Pattern (Set D)

Continue the pattern.

11
22
33
44
?
?
?
500
450
400
350
?
?
?
2
10
50
250
?
17

Continue the Pattern (Set E)

Continue the pattern.

9
18
27
36
?
?
?
1000
800
600
400
?
?
18

Match Patterns to Rules (Set A)

Draw a line from each pattern to its rule.

4, 8, 12, 16
3, 6, 12, 24
100, 90, 80, 70
1, 4, 9, 16
Subtract 10
Add 4
Multiply by 2
Square numbers
19

Match Patterns to Rules (Set B)

Draw a line to match.

5, 10, 20, 40
2, 5, 8, 11
80, 72, 64, 56
10, 100, 1000
Subtract 8
Add 3
Multiply by 2
Multiply by 10
20

Sort: Addition or Multiplication Pattern?

Sort each pattern.

5, 10, 15, 20
2, 4, 8, 16
3, 6, 9, 12
3, 9, 27, 81
10, 20, 30, 40
5, 25, 125
Addition pattern
Multiplication pattern
21

Sort: Growing or Shrinking Pattern?

Sort each pattern.

1, 2, 4, 8
100, 95, 90, 85
5, 15, 45, 135
64, 32, 16, 8
7, 14, 21, 28
200, 180, 160, 140
Growing
Shrinking
22

Pattern Step Sizes (Set A)

The total is the next number in the pattern. Find the step size (partB).

30
24
?
45
?
9
100
88
?
50
?
7
72
60
?
23

Pattern Step Sizes (Set B)

Find the missing value.

84
72
?
200
?
50
55
44
?
150
?
25
63
54
?
24

Describe the Pattern

Describe the rule for each pattern in words.

4, 8, 12, 16, 20 — Rule:

2, 4, 8, 16, 32 — Rule:

100, 85, 70, 55, 40 — Rule:

1, 3, 9, 27, 81 — Rule:

25

Create Your Own Patterns

Make up your own number patterns.

Write an addition pattern starting at 7:

Write a subtraction pattern starting at 100:

Write a multiplication pattern starting at 2:

What is the rule for each pattern you created?

26

What Comes Next? (Set A)

Circle what comes next in the pattern.

8, 16, 24, 32, ___

36
40
48

1, 2, 4, 8, 16, ___

20
24
32

90, 80, 70, 60, ___

40
50
55

5, 25, 125, ___

250
500
625
27

What Comes Next? (Set B)

Circle what comes next.

6, 12, 18, 24, ___

28
30
36

200, 175, 150, 125, ___

100
110
115

3, 12, 48, ___

96
144
192

1, 1, 2, 3, 5, ___

7
8
10
28

Sort: Growing or Shrinking Pattern?

Sort each pattern.

5, 10, 15, 20
100, 90, 80, 70
2, 4, 8, 16
50, 45, 40, 35
1, 3, 9, 27
64, 32, 16, 8
Growing (increasing)
Shrinking (decreasing)
29

Create Your Own Pattern (Set A)

Create a number pattern using the given rule. Write the first 5 numbers.

Rule: Start at 7, add 6. Pattern: 7, ___, ___, ___, ___

Rule: Start at 2, multiply by 2. Pattern: 2, ___, ___, ___, ___

Rule: Start at 50, subtract 7. Pattern: 50, ___, ___, ___, ___

30

Create Your Own Pattern (Set B)

Create the pattern.

Rule: Start at 100, subtract 11. Pattern: 100, ___, ___, ___, ___

Rule: Start at 3, multiply by 3. Pattern: 3, ___, ___, ___, ___

Rule: Start at 1, add 8. Pattern: 1, ___, ___, ___, ___

31

Describe the Pattern

Look at each pattern and describe the rule in words.

4, 8, 12, 16, 20 — The rule is: ___

3, 6, 12, 24, 48 — The rule is: ___

80, 72, 64, 56, 48 — The rule is: ___

1, 4, 9, 16, 25 — The rule is: ___

32

Continue the Pattern

Work out the rule, then write the next 3 numbers.

6, 11, 16, 21, ___, ___, ___

2, 6, 18, 54, ___, ___, ___

95, 86, 77, 68, ___, ___, ___

1, 2, 4, 7, 11, ___, ___, ___

33

Shape Patterns (Set A)

What comes next? Fill in the blank shapes.

?
?
?
34

Shape Patterns (Set B)

Fill in the missing shapes.

?
?
?
?
35

Two-Step Rules

Follow the two-step rule to generate the pattern.

Rule: Multiply by 2, then add 1. Start at 1: ___, ___, ___, ___, ___

Rule: Add 3, then multiply by 2. Start at 1: ___, ___, ___, ___

Rule: Double, then subtract 1. Start at 2: ___, ___, ___, ___, ___

36

Find the Hidden Rule

These patterns have tricky rules. Work them out.

1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13 — What is the rule? Write the next two numbers.

1, 4, 9, 16, 25 — What is the rule? Write the next two numbers.

2, 3, 5, 8, 12, 17 — What is the rule? Write the next two numbers.

37

Make Up Your Own Rule and Pattern

Be creative!

Write your own rule: ___

Write the first 6 numbers of your pattern: ___

Challenge: write a two-step rule and its first 5 numbers:

38

Home Activity: Pattern Detectives

Find and create patterns at home!

  • 1Count tiles in your bathroom. How does the pattern grow row by row?
  • 2Write a 'secret code' using a number pattern rule. Can your family crack it?
  • 3Stack blocks following a rule (e.g. each layer has 2 more). Draw the pattern.
  • 4Find patterns in house numbers on your street. What is the rule?
39

Fibonacci-Style Pattern

Each number is the sum of the two before it. Fill in the missing values.

1
1
2
3
8
13
?
2
2
4
6
16
26
?
3
5
8
21
34
55
?
40

Multiplication Patterns

Fill in the missing values in each multiplication pattern.

4
8
16
64
?
1000
500
250
62
?
3
9
27
243
?
41

Identify the Rule (Set A)

Circle the rule that matches each pattern.

5, 10, 20, 40, 80 …

Add 5
Multiply by 2
Add 10

100, 90, 80, 70, 60 …

Subtract 10
Divide by 2
Subtract 5

3, 6, 9, 12, 15 …

Add 3
Multiply by 2
Add 2

1, 4, 9, 16, 25 …

Add 3 then 5 then 7
Multiply by 4
Square numbers
42

Create an Algorithm

Write the steps of your algorithm, then use it to generate a number pattern.

Start with 4. Rule: multiply by 3 then subtract 2. Generate the first 6 values:

Start with 100. Rule: divide by 2 then add 5. Generate the first 5 values:

Create your own algorithm and list the first 6 values:

43

Match Pattern to Its Rule

Draw a line from each pattern to its rule.

2, 4, 6, 8, 10
1, 3, 9, 27, 81
50, 45, 40, 35, 30
1, 2, 4, 7, 11
Multiply by 3 each time
Add 1 more than last time
Subtract 5 each time
Add 2 each time
44

What Comes Next? (Set A)

Extend each pattern by 4 more terms and write the rule.

7, 14, 21, 28 → Rule: ___, Next: ___, ___, ___, ___

256, 128, 64, 32 → Rule: ___, Next: ___, ___, ___, ___

2, 5, 10, 17, 26 → Rule: ___, Next: ___, ___, ___, ___

45

Sort Patterns: Increasing or Decreasing?

Sort each pattern into the correct column.

5, 10, 15, 20
100, 80, 60, 40
7, 7, 7, 7
3, 9, 27, 81
500, 400, 300
1, 2, 4, 8, 16
Increasing pattern
Decreasing pattern
Neither (stays same)
46

Two-Operation Patterns

Each pattern uses two operations. Find the rule and continue.

3, 7, 15, 31 → Rule: ×2+1 each time. Next: ___

100, 52, 28, 16 → Rule: ___, Next: ___

2, 5, 11, 23 → Rule: ×2+1 each time. Next: ___

47

Number Patterns Survey

Students vote for their favourite type of number pattern.

ItemTallyTotal
Add/subtract pattern
Multiply/divide pattern
Square number pattern
Two-operation pattern
48

Pattern Puzzles

Solve each pattern puzzle.

___, 15, ___, 45, 60. Rule: add 15. Find the missing values.

___, 6, ___, 24, 48. Rule: double each time. Find the missing values.

100, ___, 84, ___, 68. Rule: subtract ___. Find the rule and missing values.

49

Pascal's Triangle Pattern

Each number in Pascal's Triangle is the sum of the two numbers above it.

Fill in row 5: 1, ___, ___, ___, ___, 1

What are the row sums for rows 1 to 5? 1, 2, ___, ___, ___

What pattern do you notice in the row sums?

50

Number Pattern in Tables

Use a table to record and describe the pattern.

Input: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Rule ×4: Output: ___, ___, ___, ___, ___

Input: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10. Rule ÷2+3: Output: ___, ___, ___, ___, ___

Describe the relationship between input and output for rule ×4:

51

Predicting Large Terms

Use the pattern rule to predict specific terms.

Pattern: 5, 10, 15, 20 … What is the 10th term? The 20th term?

Pattern: 3, 6, 12, 24 … What is the 8th term?

Pattern: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25 … What is the 10th term? What type of numbers are these?

52

Challenge: Reverse Engineering a Pattern

Work backwards to find the start of each pattern.

The 5th term in a +7 pattern is 35. What is the 1st term?

The 4th term in a ×3 pattern is 81. What is the 1st term?

Write a pattern where the 6th term is 100. What is the rule?