Measurement

Volume of Right Prisms

1

Match Prism to Cross-Section Formula

Draw a line to match each prism to the formula for its cross-section area.

Rectangular prism
Triangular prism
Trapezoidal prism
A = ½(a + b)h
A = lw
A = ½bh
2

V = Cross-Section Area × Length

Circle the correct volume.

Cross-section = 12 cm², length = 8 cm

96 cm³
20 cm³
48 cm³

Cross-section = 25 m², length = 6 m

150 m³
31 m³
75 m³

Cross-section = 30 cm², length = 5 cm

150 cm³
35 cm³
75 cm³
3

Triangular Prism Volume

Find cross-section area (triangle) then multiply by length.

Base 6 cm, height 4 cm, length 10 cm

120 cm³
240 cm³
60 cm³

Base 8 m, height 3 m, length 7 m

84 m³
168 m³
21 m³

Base 5 cm, height 5 cm, length 8 cm

100 cm³
200 cm³
50 cm³
4

Find the Missing Dimension

Rearrange V = Ah to find the unknown.

V = 240 cm³, A = 30 cm². Length =

8 cm
210 cm
7200 cm

V = 180 m³, length = 12 m. Cross-section area =

15 m²
2160 m²
168 m²

V = 120 cm³, l = 5 cm, w = 4 cm. Height =

6 cm
600 cm
3 cm
5

Best Unit for Volume

Match each context to the most appropriate unit.

A concrete slab for a driveway
A cup of water
A matchbox
A shipping container
A dose of medicine
mm³ or cm³
mL (= cm³)
6

Volume in Context

Show all working.

A pool is 25 m long, 10 m wide, depth 1.8 m. Volume in m³? Capacity in litres? (1 m³ = 1000 L)

A triangular prism tent has cross-section: base 2.4 m, height 1.8 m. Length 3 m. Volume of air inside?

7

Volume of a Cylinder

A cylinder is a circular prism. Use V = πr²h. Use π ≈ 3.14.

r = 5 cm, h = 10 cm

785 cm³
392.5 cm³
157 cm³

r = 3 m, h = 7 m

197.8 m³
98.9 m³
65.9 m³

Diameter = 8 cm, h = 6 cm

301.4 cm³
1205.8 cm³
150.7 cm³
8

Surface Area of a Rectangular Prism

Surface area = 2(lw + lh + wh). Find the total surface area.

l = 5 cm, w = 3 cm, h = 4 cm

94 cm²
60 cm²
47 cm²

l = 10 m, w = 2 m, h = 3 m

112 m²
60 m²
56 m²

Cube, side 6 cm. Surface area =

216 cm²
36 cm²
432 cm²
9

Compare Volumes of Different Prisms

Each prism has cross-section area 12 cm². Rank by volume (cross-section × length).

Length = 5 cm (V = 60 cm³)
Length = 10 cm (V = 120 cm³)
Length = 8 cm (V = 96 cm³)
Smallest volume
Middle volume
Largest volume
10

Volume Word Problems with Rates

Show all working and include units.

A cylindrical water tank has radius 2 m and height 3 m. Water fills it at a rate of 0.5 m³ per minute. How long does it take to fill? (Use π ≈ 3.14, round to the nearest minute.)

A rectangular fish tank is 60 cm long, 30 cm wide and 40 cm tall. It is currently half full. How many litres of water must be added to fill it? (1 litre = 1000 cm³)

11

Volume Formula Match

Draw a line to match each solid to its volume formula.

Rectangular prism
Triangular prism
Cylinder
Trapezoidal prism
V = πr²h
V = ½(a+b)h × l
V = lwh
V = ½bh × l
12

Volume at Home

Explore volume and capacity in everyday objects.

  • 1Measure a cardboard box (cereal box, shoe box). Calculate its volume in cm³ and convert to litres. Compare to the volume stated on the packaging.
  • 2Find two cylindrical containers (e.g. tin cans). Measure the radius and height. Calculate the volume of each. Which holds more?
  • 3Fill a container with water and pour it into a measuring jug. Compare the measured volume (in mL) to the calculated volume. How close is your calculation?
15

Volume of Rectangular Prism

Use V = lwh.

l = 6 cm, w = 4 cm, h = 3 cm:

72 cm³
36 cm³
144 cm³

l = 10 m, w = 5 m, h = 2 m:

100 m³
50 m³
200 m³

Cube with side 4 cm:

64 cm³
16 cm³
48 cm³

l = 2.5 m, w = 1.5 m, h = 0.8 m:

3 m³
4.8 m³
3.75 m³
18

Finding a Missing Dimension from Volume

Rearrange V = Ah to find the unknown. Show all working.

A rectangular prism has volume 120 cm³, length 5 cm, width 4 cm. Find the height.

A triangular prism has volume 90 m³ and length 9 m. The triangle base is 5 m. Find the perpendicular height of the triangle.

A cylinder has volume 628 cm³ and radius 5 cm. Find its height. (Use π ≈ 3.14.)

20

Surface Area of a Rectangular Prism

Use SA = 2(lw + lh + wh).

l = 5 cm, w = 3 cm, h = 4 cm:

94 cm²
60 cm²
47 cm²

l = 10 m, w = 2 m, h = 3 m:

112 m²
60 m²
56 m²

Cube with side 6 cm:

216 cm²
36 cm²
432 cm²

l = 4 m, w = 4 m, h = 2 m:

80 m²
32 m²
64 m²
21

Surface Area of a Triangular Prism

A triangular prism has 5 faces: 2 triangular ends and 3 rectangular sides. Find the total surface area.

Triangular prism: triangle has base 6 cm and height 4 cm. Prism length = 10 cm. The three rectangle widths are 6 cm, 5 cm, and 5 cm (an isosceles triangle). Find the total surface area.

Why is knowing the surface area important for a manufacturer making tin cans? Write two sentences.

23

Volume in Context — Water and Tanks

Show all working. Use π ≈ 3.14.

A pool is 25 m long, 10 m wide, 1.8 m deep. Volume in m³? Capacity in litres? If the pool empties at 3 m³/min, how long to empty?

A cylindrical tank has diameter 2.4 m and height 3 m. Calculate its capacity in litres. If water is pumped in at 50 litres per minute, how long to fill it?

26

Best Unit for Volume

Match each context to the most appropriate unit.

A concrete slab for a driveway
A cup of water
A matchbox
A shipping container
A dose of medicine
A swimming pool
mm³ or cm³
litres or mL
27

Design Challenge — Box with Minimum Surface Area

Investigate the relationship between volume and surface area.

Design a box (rectangular prism) with volume exactly 1000 cm³. Try three different sets of dimensions. Calculate the surface area for each. Which uses the least material?

Draw here

Based on your investigation, what shape minimises surface area for a fixed volume? How does this relate to the shape of eggs and bubbles?

TipThis investigation introduces optimisation — finding the best shape for a given constraint. It connects to real-world packaging design.
28

Comparing Volumes

Without full calculation, decide which has greater volume.

Cylinder r=3, h=4 vs rectangular prism 6×4×4:

Cylinder (113.1 cm³) < prism (96 cm³) — prism bigger
Cylinder ≈ 113.1 cm³ > prism = 96 cm³
They are equal

Doubling the height of a cylinder vs doubling the radius:

Doubling radius gives 4× the volume
Doubling height gives 4× the volume
Both give 2× the volume

Cube with side 5 cm vs sphere with radius 3 cm (V = 4/3 πr³ ≈ 113 cm³):

Cube (125 cm³) > sphere (≈ 113 cm³)
Sphere > cube
They are equal
29

Scale Factor and Volume

Explore how scale factors affect volume.

A model car is built at scale 1:20. The real car engine has volume 2000 cm³. What is the volume of the model engine? Show your reasoning using the scale factor cubed.

If a cube has side 4 cm (volume 64 cm³) and you double all its dimensions, what is the new volume? By what factor did the volume change?

TipVolume scales by the cube of the scale factor. This is one of the most important scaling relationships in science and engineering.
31

Volume Investigation — Cylinders vs Boxes

Compare volumes for given surface areas.

A manufacturer has 600 cm² of material to make a can. Option A: cylinder with radius 5 cm. Find the height and volume. Option B: cube with maximum side length. Compare which holds more. Show all working.

Draw here

Why might manufacturers choose a cylindrical can over a rectangular box of the same volume? Write at least two mathematical and practical reasons.

35

Rectangular Prism Volume — Set A

Calculate the volume of each rectangular prism.

l = 8 cm, w = 5 cm, h = 3 cm

l = 12 m, w = 4 m, h = 2.5 m

l = 0.6 m, w = 0.4 m, h = 0.3 m. Give answer in cm³.

TipV = l × w × h. Label each dimension clearly before substituting.
37

Triangular Prism Volume — Set A

Calculate the volume of each triangular prism.

Triangle: base 6 cm, height 4 cm. Prism length 10 cm.

Triangle: base 8 m, height 3 m. Prism length 5 m.

A triangular prism has cross-section area 15 cm² and length 12 cm. Find its volume.

TipFirst find the triangle's area: A = ½ × base × height. Then multiply by the length of the prism.
38

Identify the Cross-Section

Circle the shape that describes the cross-section of each prism.

A triangular prism

Triangle
Rectangle
Circle
Trapezium

A cylinder

Square
Triangle
Circle
Pentagon

A rectangular prism (cuboid)

Circle
Triangle
Rectangle
Hexagon

A trapezoidal prism

Rectangle
Triangle
Trapezium
Circle
39

Cylinder Volume — Set A

Calculate the volume of each cylinder. Use π ≈ 3.14.

r = 5 cm, h = 10 cm

Diameter = 8 m, h = 3 m

r = 2.5 cm, h = 12 cm. Give answer to nearest cm³.

TipV = πr²h. If given diameter, halve it to get radius first.
42

Capacity from Volume

Find the volume then convert to litres.

A rectangular fish tank: 60 cm × 30 cm × 40 cm. Find volume in cm³ then convert to litres.

A cylindrical bucket: radius 15 cm, height 25 cm. Find volume in cm³ then convert to litres. (π ≈ 3.14)

A swimming pool (rectangular): 10 m × 5 m × 1.8 m deep. Volume in m³, then convert to kilolitres (1 m³ = 1 kL).

TipVolume (cm³) ÷ 1000 = capacity (L).
44

Trapezoidal Prism Volume

Calculate the volume of each trapezoidal prism.

Trapezium: parallel sides 4 cm and 8 cm, height 5 cm. Prism length 10 cm.

Trapezium: parallel sides 3 m and 7 m, height 4 m. Prism length 6 m.

TipArea of trapezium = ½ × (a + b) × h. Then V = area × length.
46

Finding Missing Dimensions

Rearrange the volume formula to find the unknown dimension.

A rectangular prism has V = 360 cm³, l = 12 cm, w = 5 cm. Find h.

A cylinder has V = 502.4 cm³ and h = 8 cm. Find r. (π ≈ 3.14)

A triangular prism has V = 180 cm³. The cross-section is a right triangle with base 6 cm and height 5 cm. Find the prism's length.

TipRearrange V = Ah or V = l × w × h before substituting.
47

Match the Volume Formula

Match each shape to its volume formula.

Rectangular prism
Cylinder
Triangular prism
Cube
Trapezoidal prism
V = s³
V = πr²h
V = ½bhl
V = lwh
V = ½(a+b)hl
48

Real-World Volume: Storage

Solve each practical problem. Show full working.

A shipping container is 12 m long, 2.4 m wide, and 2.6 m tall. Find its volume. If boxes are 0.3 m × 0.3 m × 0.3 m, how many boxes fit in one layer on the floor?

A grain silo is a cylinder with radius 3 m and height 8 m. Find the volume. If grain weighs 0.8 kg per litre, how many kg of grain can the silo hold?

TipReal-world problems often require converting units or considering multiple containers.
50

Swimming Pool Problem

Solve this multi-step volume problem.

A swimming pool has a trapezoidal cross-section: deep end 2.5 m, shallow end 1.2 m, length 25 m, width 10 m. (a) Find the cross-section area. (b) Find the pool's volume. (c) Convert to kilolitres. (d) At $0.003 per litre for water, what does it cost to fill?

TipMulti-step problems require planning. List what you need to find and what formula to use before calculating.
52

Cylinder Volume — Set B

Solve each cylinder problem. Use π ≈ 3.14.

A hot water cylinder has diameter 0.5 m and height 1.8 m. Find its volume in m³ and convert to litres.

A cylindrical drinking glass has radius 4 cm and height 12 cm. How many mL does it hold when full?

Three identical cylinders each have radius 3 cm and height 10 cm. What is their combined volume?

TipMake sure you square the radius, not the diameter!
53

Sort by Volume (Smallest to Largest)

Estimate or calculate, then sort from smallest to largest volume.

Cube: side 5 cm
Rectangular prism: 4 × 4 × 10 cm
Cylinder: r = 4 cm, h = 5 cm (π ≈ 3.14)
Triangular prism: b = 8, h = 6, l = 10 cm
Cuboid: 3 × 6 × 12 cm
Cylinder: r = 3 cm, h = 8 cm (π ≈ 3.14)
Smallest
Medium
Largest
55

Volume Unit Conversions

Convert each volume to the specified unit. Show working.

Convert 2 m³ to cm³.

Convert 500 000 cm³ to m³.

A tank holds 1.5 m³. Express this in: (a) litres (b) mL.

TipVolume conversions: 1 m³ = 1 000 000 cm³; 1 cm³ = 1 mL; 1 000 mL = 1 L; 1 m³ = 1 000 L.
56

Error Analysis — Volume Mistakes

Find the error in each student solution and provide the correct answer.

Student: 'Cylinder with diameter 6 cm, h = 10 cm. V = π × 6² × 10 = 1130.4 cm³.' What is the error? Find the correct volume.

Student: 'Triangular prism: base 8 cm, height 6 cm, length 5 cm. V = 8 × 6 × 5 = 240 cm³.' What is the error? Find the correct volume.

TipCommon errors: using diameter instead of radius, forgetting to halve for triangles, wrong unit conversions.
57

Composite Solid Volume

Find the total volume of each composite solid.

A shed has a rectangular prism base (6 m × 4 m × 2.5 m) and a triangular prism roof (triangle: base 4 m, height 1.5 m; length 6 m). Find the total volume.

A block of wood is a 10 cm cube with a cylindrical hole drilled through it (r = 2 cm, same height as cube). Find the volume of wood remaining. (π ≈ 3.14)

TipA composite solid is formed by combining (adding) or removing (subtracting) simpler solids.
58

Volume Formula Check

Circle the correct formula or calculation for each scenario.

Volume of a prism with cross-section area A and length L:

V = A × L
V = A + L
V = A²L
V = A/L

A cylinder with r = 4 cm and h = 7 cm. First step:

Calculate πr² = π × 16
Calculate 2πr = 8π
Calculate πd² = π × 64
Calculate r² = 8

To find the height of a rectangular prism given V, l, w:

h = V ÷ (l × w)
h = V × l × w
h = V − l − w
h = V + l + w
59

Prism Investigation: Same Volume, Different Shapes

Explore how different prisms can have the same volume.

A rectangular prism has V = 120 cm³. List four different sets of integer dimensions (l, w, h) that give this volume.

A triangular prism has V = 120 cm³. If the prism length is 10 cm, what must the cross-section area be? List two different triangles (base, height) that give this area.

TipMultiple shapes can have the same volume — volume alone doesn't determine shape.
62

Design Problem: Packaging

Use volume to solve a practical design problem.

A company needs to pack 1 litre (1000 cm³) of juice. Design A: cylinder with radius 5 cm. Design B: rectangular prism with square base side 8 cm. Find the height needed for each container. Which do you think is better? Explain with mathematics.

TipPackaging design must balance volume, surface area, and material cost.
63

Problem Solving: Concrete and Construction

Solve each construction-related volume problem.

A concrete driveway is 12 m long, 3 m wide, and 0.1 m thick. Find the volume of concrete needed in m³. Concrete costs $250 per m³. Find the total cost.

A cylindrical column is 0.3 m in diameter and 4 m tall. Twelve identical columns are needed. Find the total volume of concrete for all columns. (π ≈ 3.14)

TipBuilders need accurate volume calculations to order the right amount of material.
65

Extended Investigation: Volume Scaling

Investigate how volume changes with scale.

A rectangular prism has l = 3 cm, w = 2 cm, h = 4 cm. Complete the table: scale factor 1, 2, 3, 4 — calculate new dimensions and volume for each. What pattern do you notice?

Draw here

A model building is built at scale 1:100. The model has volume 500 cm³. What is the actual building's volume in m³?

TipScale factors and their effects on volume are important in science, engineering, and manufacturing.
66

Reflection: Volume of Right Prisms

Consolidate your learning about volume.

In your own words, explain why the formula V = Ah works for all right prisms. Why is the cross-section area so important?

Give one real-world example where calculating volume is important. Describe what would happen if the volume calculation was wrong.

What is one thing you found difficult about this topic, and what strategy did you use to overcome it?

Draw here
TipReflection is an important part of the learning process.