Measurement

Perimeter & Area of Composite Shapes

1

Match Shape to Area Formula

Draw a line to match each shape to its area formula.

Rectangle
Triangle
Parallelogram
Trapezium
A = ½(a + b)h
A = bh
A = lw
A = ½bh
2

Area of Composite Shapes

A shape = rectangle (10 cm × 6 cm) + triangle on top (base 10 cm, height 4 cm).

Area of the rectangle:

60 cm²
32 cm²
48 cm²

Area of the triangle:

20 cm²
40 cm²
10 cm²

Total composite area:

80 cm²
100 cm²
60 cm²
3

Perimeter of Composite Shapes

Find the perimeter. Count outer edges only.

L-shape outer edges: 8, 5, 3, 2, 5, 3 cm. Perimeter =

26 cm
28 cm
24 cm

Rectangle 12 × 8 with 2×3 corner cut out. Perimeter =

50 cm
40 cm
44 cm
4

Area Involving Semicircles

Use π ≈ 3.14.

Area of semicircle, radius 5 cm:

39.3 cm²
78.5 cm²
15.7 cm²

Rectangle (10 × 6) with semicircle (r = 3) on one end. Total area:

74.1 cm²
60 cm²
88.3 cm²
5

Add Parts or Subtract Cut-out?

Sort each composite shape problem by strategy.

Rectangle with triangle on top
Large square with small square hole
Two rectangles joined in an L-shape
Circle with rectangular piece removed
Add parts together
Subtract the cut-out
6

Real-World Area Problems

Show all working. Include units.

A garden is a rectangle (15 m × 8 m) with a triangular bed (base 6 m, height 4 m) removed from one corner. Find the remaining area.

A running track is a rectangle (100 m × 60 m) with a semicircle on each short end. Calculate the total perimeter of the track.

7

Area of a Trapezium

Use A = ½(a + b)h where a and b are the parallel sides and h is the perpendicular height.

a = 5 cm, b = 9 cm, h = 4 cm

28 cm²
36 cm²
14 cm²

a = 7 m, b = 11 m, h = 6 m

54 m²
108 m²
27 m²

a = 3 cm, b = 7 cm, h = 5 cm

25 cm²
50 cm²
105 cm²
8

Area of an Annulus (Ring)

An annulus is a ring between two circles. Area = π(R² − r²) where R is outer radius and r is inner radius. Use π ≈ 3.14.

R = 5 cm, r = 3 cm

50.2 cm²
28.3 cm²
78.5 cm²

R = 10 m, r = 6 m

201.0 m²
113.0 m²
78.5 m²

R = 8 cm, r = 5 cm

122.5 cm²
200.9 cm²
50.2 cm²
9

Units of Area Conversion

Draw a line to match each conversion fact.

1 cm² = ? mm²
1 m² = ? cm²
1 km² = ? m²
1 ha = ? m²
1 000 000 m²
100 mm²
10 000 m²
10 000 cm²
10

Finding Perimeter When Area is Given

Use the given area to find the missing dimension, then calculate the perimeter.

A rectangle has area 48 cm² and one side of length 8 cm. Find the other side and then calculate the perimeter.

A square has area 64 m². Find the side length and perimeter.

A trapezium has parallel sides 8 cm and 12 cm, and area 50 cm². Find the perpendicular height.

11

Correct Formula?

Sort each formula: is it correct for the named shape?

Triangle: A = ½ × base × height
Trapezium: A = (a + b) × h
Annulus: A = π(R² − r²)
Rectangle: A = 2(l + w)
Semicircle: A = ½πr²
Circle: A = πd
Correct formula
Incorrect formula
12

Measuring Composite Shapes at Home

Apply area and perimeter skills to spaces in your home.

  • 1Sketch the floor plan of a room that is not a simple rectangle (e.g. an L-shaped lounge). Measure all dimensions and calculate the area of floor space.
  • 2Find a circular object (plate, tin, manhole cover). Measure its diameter. Calculate the area and circumference. Now imagine a second smaller circle inside it — calculate the area of the ring between them.
  • 3Calculate how much paint you would need to paint one wall of your home, given that paint covers 10 m² per litre. Subtract the area of any windows or doors.
16

Perimeter of Composite Shapes — Careful Counting

Remember: only count the outer edges. Internal boundaries are NOT part of the perimeter.

Rectangle 10 × 6 with triangle on top (two slant sides of 5 cm each). Perimeter includes:

Bottom + 2 sides + 2 slant sides = 10+6+6+5+5 = 32 cm
All 5 sides = 36 cm
Rectangle perimeter = 32 cm

L-shape with outer measurements: 8+5+3+2+5+3. Perimeter =

26 cm
28 cm
24 cm

Running track: two straights of 100 m, two semicircles radius 30 m. Perimeter =

200 + 2π(30) ≈ 388.5 m
200 + πd ≈ 294 m
200 + 4 × 30 = 320 m
17

L-Shape Area and Perimeter

Show two methods for finding the area of the L-shape and verify they give the same answer.

An L-shape is 10 m tall, 8 m wide. A 4 m × 3 m rectangle is cut from the top right corner. Find the area using BOTH the addition method (two rectangles) and the subtraction method. Verify both give the same answer.

Draw here

Find the perimeter of the L-shape above. List every outer edge length and add them.

TipEncourage your child to use both the addition and subtraction methods — the ability to verify using a different approach is a sign of genuine mathematical confidence.
18

Units of Area

Choose the most appropriate unit for each measurement.

Area of a postage stamp:

cm²
km²

Area of a bedroom floor:

cm²
km²

Area of a national park:

km² or hectares
cm²

Area of a fingernail:

mm²
cm²
21

Composite Shape Problems

Sketch the shape, choose your strategy, and show full working.

A garden is a rectangle (15 m × 8 m) with a triangular bed (base 6 m, height 4 m) removed from one corner. Find the remaining area to be grassed.

A school logo is made of a rectangle (20 cm × 10 cm) with a semicircle (radius 5 cm) on each of the two short ends. Find the total area of the logo.

23

Find Area from Perimeter

Use the given perimeter to find the missing dimension, then calculate the area.

Rectangle: perimeter = 36 cm, length = 11 cm. Area =

77 cm²
36 cm²
22 cm²

Square: perimeter = 28 m. Area =

49 m²
28 m²
196 m²

Circle: circumference = 31.4 cm. Area ≈ (use π ≈ 3.14)

78.5 cm²
31.4 cm²
100 cm²
25

Real-World Area Calculations

Show all working. Include units.

A tiler is tiling a bathroom floor that is L-shaped: 4 m × 3 m with a 1 m × 1 m section cut out for a bathtub area. Each tile is 20 cm × 20 cm. How many tiles are needed? Add 10% extra for cuts and breakages.

A farmer wants to fertilise a paddock shaped like a trapezium (parallel sides 200 m and 150 m, height 80 m). Fertiliser is spread at 50 kg per hectare and costs $2.80 per kg. Find the total cost. (1 ha = 10 000 m²)

TipThese problems mirror real professional calculations. Ask your child which profession might use each type of calculation.
27

Sector and Arc Length

Use arc length = (θ/360) × 2πr and sector area = (θ/360) × πr². Use π ≈ 3.14.

A sector has radius 8 cm and angle 45°. Find its arc length and area.

A pizza is cut into 8 equal slices. The pizza has diameter 30 cm. Find the arc length and area of one slice.

28

Sort Shape Problems by Formula Needed

Sort each area problem by the formula required.

Area of a half-pipe cross-section (trapezium shape)
Area of a triangular garden bed
Area of a ring-shaped track
Area of an L-shaped room
Area of a slice of pizza
Area of a quadrilateral with one pair of parallel sides
Triangle formula
Trapezium formula
Circle/sector formula
Composite (multiple formulas)
29

Comparing Perimeter and Area

Explore the relationship between perimeter and area.

Three rectangles all have a perimeter of 24 cm: 10×2, 8×4, and 6×6. Calculate the area of each. Which has the largest area? What shape would maximise area for a fixed perimeter?

A farmer has 120 m of fencing to enclose a rectangular paddock. What dimensions maximise the area? (Try at least 4 different rectangles and record their areas.)

Draw here
TipThis is a classic mathematical investigation. Let your child discover the result — it is genuinely surprising that shapes with the same perimeter can have very different areas.
31

Maximising Area — Optimisation

Investigate and draw conclusions.

Show that among all rectangles with a fixed perimeter of P metres, the square maximises the area. (Try specific values: P = 20. Compare squares vs. non-squares.)

For a circle and a square each with perimeter 20 cm, which encloses a larger area? Calculate both and compare.

33

Area Calculations — Set A

Calculate the area of each shape. Show all working.

Triangle with base 12 cm and perpendicular height 7 cm.

Parallelogram with base 15 m and height 8 m.

Trapezium with parallel sides 6 cm and 10 cm, height 4 cm.

Rhombus with diagonals 14 cm and 10 cm. (Area = d₁ × d₂ / 2)

TipLabel the dimensions on a sketch before calculating.
34

Perimeter Calculations

Calculate the perimeter of each shape. Show all working.

A shape is a rectangle 8 m × 5 m with a 2 m × 2 m square removed from one corner. Find the perimeter.

A semicircle of diameter 10 cm sits on top of a rectangle 10 cm × 6 cm. Find the perimeter of the composite shape (include both straight sides of rectangle and the semicircle arc).

TipFor composite shapes, trace the outer edge carefully to avoid including any internal segments.
36

Composite Area — Set A

Find the area of each composite shape. Sketch and label first.

An L-shaped floor plan: 10 m × 8 m with a 3 m × 4 m rectangle cut from one corner.

A shape made from a square 6 m × 6 m with a right-angled triangle of base 6 m and height 4 m attached to one side.

TipBreak the shape into parts, calculate each part separately, then add or subtract.
37

Composite Area — Set B

Find the area of each composite shape involving circles.

A rectangle 12 m × 6 m with a semicircle of diameter 6 m removed from one end. Find the remaining area.

A square 10 cm × 10 cm with a circular hole of radius 3 cm. Find the area of the square with the hole.

TipComposite shapes with semicircles require adding or subtracting circle areas.
38

Selecting the Right Formula

Choose the correct formula for each situation.

Area of a triangle:

½ × base × height
base × height
4 × side

Area of a trapezium:

½(a + b)h
½ × a × b
(a + b)h

Perimeter of a circle:

2πr
πr²
πd²

Area of a parallelogram:

base × height
½ × base × height
2(b + h)
39

Area in Context — Paint

Calculate the area then answer the practical question.

A room has 4 walls: two walls are 5 m × 2.7 m and two walls are 4 m × 2.7 m. Each wall has one window (1.2 m × 1.5 m). One tin of paint covers 12 m². How many tins are needed to paint all 4 walls (excluding windows) with two coats?

TipReal-world measurement problems require unit conversions and practical decision-making.
40

Area in Context — Flooring

Calculate the area then find the cost.

An L-shaped room has dimensions: main part 8 m × 5 m, extension 3 m × 2 m. Carpet costs $45/m². How much will it cost to carpet the entire room?

If tiles are 40 cm × 40 cm and cost $4.50 each, how many tiles are needed for the room and what is the cost? (Add 10% for wastage.)

TipEncourage your teenager to sketch the room and identify the shape of the floor plan before calculating.
41

Add or Subtract?

For each composite shape description, decide whether you add or subtract areas.

Rectangle with a triangle attached to one side
Square with a circular hole
L-shape (two rectangles joined)
Rectangle with a semicircle removed from one end
Rectangle with a smaller rectangle attached on top
Large circle with a small circle cut out
Add areas
Subtract areas
42

Mixed Perimeter and Area

Find both perimeter and area for each shape.

A running track: two straight sections each 100 m, and two semicircles each with diameter 60 m. Find total perimeter (length of one lap) and total area enclosed.

TipStudents often confuse perimeter and area. Perimeter is the outer edge (1D); area is the surface (2D).
43

Converting Units of Area

Convert each area to the specified unit. Show working.

Convert 2.5 m² to cm².

Convert 45 000 cm² to m².

A farm is 3.2 km². Express this in hectares. (1 km² = 100 ha)

TipArea conversions: ×10 000 for m² to cm², ÷10 000 for cm² to m², ×1 000 000 for km² to m².
45

Error Analysis — Area and Perimeter

Find and fix the errors.

Student: 'An L-shape has two rectangles: 8×4 and 3×2. Perimeter = 2(8+4) + 2(3+2) = 34.' What is wrong? Find the correct perimeter.

Student: 'Area of triangle = base × height = 6 × 8 = 48 cm².' What is wrong? Find the correct area.

47

Reflection

Summarise your learning about perimeter and area.

What is the key difference between perimeter and area? Give a real-world example where each matters.

Describe your strategy for finding the area of a composite shape. Use an example.

Draw here
TipReflection consolidates learning and helps identify gaps.
51

Design Challenge: Maximum Area

Solve this design problem with full working.

A garden bed uses 24 m of edging (perimeter = 24 m). List three different rectangle dimensions. Calculate the area of each. Which gives the largest area?

If the garden does not need to be a rectangle, what shape would give the largest area? Explain why.

TipDesign challenges connect maths to real decision-making.
53

Real-World Context: Painting a Wall

Solve the problem below. Show all steps.

A wall is 8 m wide and 3 m tall. It has two windows (each 1.2 m × 1.5 m) and one door (0.9 m × 2.1 m). Paint covers 5 m² per litre. How many litres of paint are needed to paint the wall (not the windows or door)? Round up to the nearest litre.

TipRead the problem carefully and identify what area must be subtracted.
54

Classify the Measurement

Drag each item to 'Perimeter' or 'Area'.

Fencing around a yard
Carpet needed for a room
Distance around a running track
Paint needed for a wall
Edging along a garden bed
Tiles needed for a floor
Wire around a rectangular paddock
Turf for a football oval
Perimeter
Area
55

Semester Review: Extended Problem

Complete this multi-step problem. Show all working.

A sports complex has a rectangular field (80 m × 50 m) with a semicircular goal area at each end (diameter = 20 m). Find: (a) total area of the playing surface; (b) total perimeter of the playing surface.

The complex manager wants to re-turf the field. Turf costs $12 per m². What is the total cost? If budget is $60 000, is there enough money?

TipBreak complex problems into steps: identify shapes, find individual areas/perimeters, then combine.
57

Self-Assessment

Rate your confidence and identify areas for further study.

Rate your confidence (1–5) for each skill: finding perimeter of composite shapes, finding area of rectangles/triangles, finding area of circles, finding area of composite shapes. Explain your ratings.

Which problem in this worksheet did you find most challenging? What would you do differently next time?

Draw here
TipSelf-assessment helps students take ownership of their learning.